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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*TaK(y) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"part of horse's leg face="Times New Roman Star"÷àñòü íîãè ëîøàäè face="Times New Roman Star"tag|y-g| (OUygh.- YB , acc.) face="Times New Roman Star"ÏÄÏ 425, VEWT 457. face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ekn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"part of shoulder between the neck and shoulderblade face="Times New Roman Star"÷àñòü ïëå÷à ìåæäó øååé è ëîïàòêîé face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikin (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekin, dial. c?eg|in, c?eg|n face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikin (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?ijin face="Times New Roman Star"c?igin face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:n face="Times New Roman Star"s/an 'body' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 415, VEWT 103, Äûáî 129-130, Ëåêñèêà 238-239 (see there about details of phonetic reconstruction). face="Times New Roman Star"*byldur (/*buldyr) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"past time, last year face="Times New Roman Star"ïðîøëîå, ïðîøëûé ãîä face="Times New Roman Star"byldyr (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr (AH ), bylyr (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"bultyr face="Times New Roman Star"bultu(r) face="Times New Roman Star"pytyr face="Times New Roman Star"bildir face="Times New Roman Star"bildir face="Times New Roman Star"pyltyr face="Times New Roman Star"bylyr face="Times New Roman Star"bylyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byldyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"byltyr face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 334, VEWT 74, ÝÑÒß 2, 139-140, Ëåêñèêà 71, Stachowski 70. face="Times New Roman Star"*jur- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"patch of cloth, rag face="Times New Roman Star"ëîñêóòû, ëîõìîòüÿ face="Times New Roman Star"jurun (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jurun (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"joron (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jurun (Abush. , Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?urux face="Times New Roman Star"d'urun face="Times New Roman Star"s/orúm 'bundle of flax or hemp' face="Times New Roman Star"c?uruq face="Times New Roman Star"c?uruq face="Times New Roman Star"z?uryn (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"jorqaq, joron face="Times New Roman Star"z?|urun face="Times New Roman Star"jurq- 'to pinch (hair)' face="Times New Roman Star"z?uryndy face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 211, EDT 970, ÝÑÒß 4, 255-256, Àøì. XII, 270. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kergu"k face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"paunch face="Times New Roman Star"ñåòêà æåëóäêà face="Times New Roman Star"kergu"k (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kergijek face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 742, Ðàñ. ÔèË. 203. face="Times New Roman Star"*bAr/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"peace face="Times New Roman Star"ìèð face="Times New Roman Star"baz (Orkh.) face="Times New Roman Star"baz (Qutb , AH ) face="Times New Roman Star"bad|-a- 'to be shy' face="Times New Roman Star"baz-a-ma 'shelter, secure place' face="Times New Roman Star"baz; baz-la- 'to comfort, console' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 388 (together with baz 'an alien'), VEWT 62, 66. face="Times New Roman Star"*gErtme face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pear face="Times New Roman Star"ãðóøà face="Times New Roman Star"germes?ik 'cornus sanguinea' face="Times New Roman Star"kertme 'ÿáëîêî, ãðóøà' (OKypch.: AH , Houts. , CCum .), kirni 'quince' face="Times New Roman Star"kertpe face="Times New Roman Star"kertme face="Times New Roman Star"gertme face="Times New Roman Star"gertme face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 257. Perhaps < *gu"rt-me, cf. the attested OT (MK -Osm., see EDT 738) ku"rt 'mountain tree for making bows, Pyrus'; (AH) ku"rt 'quince'. face="Times New Roman Star"*Kordaj ( < *Korm-daj ?) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pelican; swan face="Times New Roman Star"ïåëèêàí; ëåáåäü face="Times New Roman Star"qordaj (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"qodaj 'swan' face="Times New Roman Star"xordy 'heron' face="Times New Roman Star"qordoj 'heron' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 282, EDT 649, Ëåêñèêà 173, ÝÑÒß 6, 79. Cf. also Shor qoromc?uq 'ïîëóíîùíèê' (ïòèöà). Turk. > Mong. qorda (KW 187). face="Times New Roman Star"*bAs-tyrma face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"penthouse face="Times New Roman Star"íàâåñ face="Times New Roman Star"bastyrma (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"basturma (R - Zenker ) face="Times New Roman Star"bo|stirma face="Times New Roman Star"bassyrma face="Times New Roman Star"bastyrma face="Times New Roman Star"bastyrma face="Times New Roman Star"bastyrma face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 528. Formally derived from *bastyr- 'to cause to press' - which seems rather far-fetched semantically. We may deal here rather with a compound of *bas + *terme 'wall, building', secondary influenced by *bastyr-ma, *bastyr-yk 'pole for fixing hay and sheaves', see ÝÑÒß 2, 76-77. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"n face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"people face="Times New Roman Star"íàðîä face="Times New Roman Star"elgu"n (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"el ku"n (KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"elgu"n (Osm. XIV c.) face="Times New Roman Star"el wa ku"n (Sangl. ), elgu"n (Pav. C. ), elgu"n (Oghuz-nama), elgu"n 'goverment, realm' (Ettuhf. ) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 309, TMN 3,656-7, Ëåêñèêà 317, EDT 121-122, 725-726 (with doubts). face="Times New Roman Star"*bodun face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"people face="Times New Roman Star"íàðîä face="Times New Roman Star"bodun (OUygh., Orkh,) face="Times New Roman Star"bod|un (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 306, TMN 2, 812, Ëåêñèêà 316. face="Times New Roman Star"*buka face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"perch face="Times New Roman Star"îêóíü face="Times New Roman Star"ala-bog|a face="Times New Roman Star"ala-bug|a face="Times New Roman Star"ala-bug|a face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 15, Ëåêñèêà 178 (traditionally regarded as a compound *a:la 'variegated' + *buka 'bull', which is dubious because of the parallelism in Tat.: ala-balyq 'crucian' : ala-bog|a 'perch' - suggesting that the second part of both compounds is originally a fish name). face="Times New Roman Star"*ja.lan|uk face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"person face="Times New Roman Star"÷åëîâåê face="Times New Roman Star"jalan|uq (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"jaln|uq (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"s/yn(ú) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 182, EDT 930. face="Times New Roman Star"*kil/i face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"person, people face="Times New Roman Star"÷åëîâåê, ëþäè face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Orkh., OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (MK , KB ) face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i (Pav. C. , MA ) face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kisi face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"k@z@ face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i face="Times New Roman Star"kihi face="Times New Roman Star"kihi face="Times New Roman Star"kiz?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kisi face="Times New Roman Star"kisi face="Times New Roman Star"kes?e face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kisi face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"kis?i face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 272, EDT 752-753, ÝÑÒß 5, 78-79, Ëåêñèêà 325, Stachowski 147. face="Times New Roman Star"*su"glin face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pheasant face="Times New Roman Star"ôàçàí face="Times New Roman Star"su"glin, su"vlin (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"su"lu"n face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n, su"glu"n (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n face="Times New Roman Star"su"lgu"n face="Times New Roman Star"su"len 'heron' face="Times New Roman Star"s?u"len 'heron, stork' (?) face="Times New Roman Star"su"jlin (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 435, EDT 820-821, ÝÑÒß 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*sa.s-na- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pig face="Times New Roman Star"ñâèíüÿ face="Times New Roman Star"sysna face="Times New Roman Star"Ôåäîòîâ 2, 77. face="Times New Roman Star"*don|ur/ face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pig face="Times New Roman Star"ñâèíüÿ face="Times New Roman Star"ton|uz (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ton|uz (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"domuz face="Times New Roman Star"dun|g|yz face="Times New Roman Star"ton|uz (Sangl. ) face="Times New Roman Star"to.ng|is face="Times New Roman Star"ton|g|uz face="Times New Roman Star"don|iz face="Times New Roman Star"donuz face="Times New Roman Star"don|uz face="Times New Roman Star"don|uz face="Times New Roman Star"don|yz face="Times New Roman Star"don|yz face="Times New Roman Star"ton|g|uz face="Times New Roman Star"domuz face="Times New Roman Star"ton|g|uz, domuz face="Times New Roman Star"don|yz face="Times New Roman Star"ton|as face="Times New Roman Star"don|g|uz face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 488, EDT 527, ÝÑÒß 3, 267-268, TMN 2, 585-586. face="Times New Roman Star"*Vlagr/yn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pig, swine face="Times New Roman Star"ñâèíüÿ face="Times New Roman Star"(y)lag|zyn (Orkh. - a cyclical sign), lag|zyn (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 764. face="Times New Roman Star"*Tobur- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"(pine) cone face="Times New Roman Star"øèøêà; áóòîí face="Times New Roman Star"tomurz?|uk face="Times New Roman Star"tubyrc?yq face="Times New Roman Star"tumurz?|uG face="Times New Roman Star"torum `cedar cone' face="Times New Roman Star"to:rc?yq face="Times New Roman Star"tuorax face="Times New Roman Star"to:ruq face="Times New Roman Star"to:ruq face="Times New Roman Star"toburc?uq face="Times New Roman Star"tubyrsyq face="Times New Roman Star"to:mruq face="Times New Roman Star"tomruq face="Times New Roman Star"tompur face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 482, Ëåêñèêà 115, 121. The Siberian forms clearly point to *-b- (or *-g-); other forms have been influenced by *top and *dom- / *tom- 'round' q. v. sub *t`o\p`u/ , *t`o>\mu\ . Turk. > Mong. (Kalm.) toburc?ag 'acorn, cone' (KW 404); see Poppe 47. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka.dy face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"pine tree face="Times New Roman Star"ñîñíà face="Times New Roman Star"xara-xazy face="Times New Roman Star"xyrú face="Times New Roman Star"kytyan 'juniper' face="Times New Roman Star"xady face="Times New Roman Star"xady face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 291-292, Ìóäðàê Äèññ. 179. Most languages reflect the compound *Kara-ka.dy (borrowed in Mong. as qarag|ai 'larch').
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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